Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy / Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

– Definition:        – “RSD” is an imprecisely used term; has been used to describe changes in soft tissue and bone;        – RSD may not involve the sympathetic nervous system and may not be the consequence of a reflex;        – 1995: IASP Consensus Conference: “Complex regional pain … Read more

Reiter’s syndrome

– See: Spondyloarthropathies – Discussion:     – involves arthritis of large joints (knees & ankles), uveitis, skin lesions, & urethritis, however only a minority will have classic triad of symptoms;           – conjunctivitis is observed early, usually before or at the onset of arthritis;           – … Read more

References for Spinal Fractures

Multiple noncontiguous spine fractures Operative treatment of spinal fractures with the AO internal fixator. Hyperalimentation for superior mesenteric-artery (cast) syndrome following correction of spinal deformity.

References for the Spine

– See:    – Cervical Spine Ref:    – Scoliosis References    – Spondylolysis / Spondylolisthesis    – Spinal Cord Injury:    – Spinal Fracture Serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase changes after anterior approaches to the thoracic and lumbar spine. Reliability of indications for cervical spine films in trauma patients. Vertebral body resection for … Read more

References for Osteoporosis

Appendicular bone density and age predict hip fracture in women. The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group Intermittent cyclical etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis A prospective study to evaluate the dose of vitamin D required to correct low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, calcium, and alkaline phosphatase in patients at risk of developing antiepileptic drug-induced osteomalacia. Hypothalamic … Read more

References for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Advances in The Federal Republic of Germany–Symposium: Recent Advances in the Surgical Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Newest Knowledge of Rheumatoid Arthritis–Symposium: Advances in Imaging of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Newest Knowledge of Rheumatoid Arthritis–Symposium: Diagnosis of  Rheumatoid Arthritis: Medical and Laboratory Aspects. Rheumatoid Arthritis — Pathophysiology and Implications for Therapy. Long-term results of synovectomy in rheumatoid patients. Synovectomy of the rheumatoid … Read more

References for Scoliosis

Anterior Kostuik-Harrington distraction systems for the treatment of kyphotic deformities. Management of pseudarthrosis after arthrodesis of the spine for idiopathic scoliosis. Early diagnosis of scoliosis based on school-screening. A comparison of different methods used to diagnose pseudarthrosis following posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis. Patient preferences in surgery for scoliosis. Surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A … Read more

References for Arterial Injuries

Papers of the Society for Clinical Vascular Surgery: Scientific Papers: Management Strategy of Complex Extremity Injuries. Amputations and Artificial Limbs–Symposium: Limb Salvage Versus Amputation. Preliminary Results of the Mangled Extremity Severity Score. Aortography in children with myelomeningocele and lumbar kyphosis. The aetiology of vein graft strictures: a prospective marker study. Arterial embolization: problems of source, … Read more

References for Cervical Spine

– References: Fractures of the Cervical spine: Current Concepts Review.  The Status of Arthrodesis of the Cervical Spine. Traumatic and Degenerative Lesions of the Cervical Spine–Symposium: Care of the Multiply Injured Patient With Cervical Spine Injury. Origin of the uncus and of Luschka’s joint in the cervical spine. Pyogenic osteomyelitis of the occiput, the atlas, and … Read more