– Discussion: – occur as the result of repetitive loading below yeild strength & are most common in lower extremity (metatarsals > calcaneus > tibia); – Matheson, et al.: 370 athletes with stress fractures tibia (49.1%), tarsals (25.3%), metatarsals (8.8%) and bilateral stress fractures in 16.6% of cases; – focal structural … Read more
– Discussion: – to evaluate for Hill Sachs Lesion after dislocations; – Technique: – the patient is supine; – a cassette is placed under the involved shoulder – the palm of the hand of the affected extremity is placed on top of … Read more
– Discussion: – straight leg raising, by itself, can produce pain from a variety of sources, including myogenic pain, ischial burisitis, annular tear, and hamstring tightness, as well as herniated disc; – the critical distinction is made by the sciatic stretch test; – this test is … Read more
– See: torticollis: – origin: sternal head: anterior surface of the manubrium; clavicular head: superior surface of the medial half of clavicle; – insertion: – lateral surface of the mastoid process of the temporal bone and lateral half of the superior nuchal line of the occipital; – action: – acting unilaterally, … Read more
– Discussion: – methylprednisolone given as bolus of 30 mg / kg body wt – followed by infusion at 5.4 mg / kg / hour for 23 hours; – if given w/ in 8 hrs, benefit from methylprednisolone was seen in patients whose injuries were initially … Read more
– Stage I: – represents synovitis: – synovial membrane becomes hyperemic and edematous with foci of infiltrating small lymphocytes; – joint effussions w/ high cell count (5,000 to 60,000 per mm3) – x-rays will as yet show no destructive changes, but soft tissue swelling or osteoporosis may be … Read more
– Stage I: – edema and hemorrhage: – reversible lesion usually seen in the second and third decade; – exam: – palpable tenderness over the greater tuberosity at supraspinitus insertion – palpalble tenderness along the anterior edge of the acromion; … Read more
– Discussion: – this is terminal phase of necrotic process, and is characterized by progressive loss of articular cartilage & development of acetabular osteophytes; – radiographic picture is of OA superimposed on a deformed femoral head; – movement is diminished until only a small range of flexion remains
– Criteria for Stable Burst Frx: – neurologically intact; – posterior arch remains intact: – pedicle widening implies post arch disruption w/ instability; – less than 25 to 35 deg of kyphosis; – less than 50% anterior body height collapse: – Discussion: … Read more
– Discussion: – uncommon congenital anamoly which arises from interruption of normal caudal migration of the scapula; – deformity is characterized by elevation & medial rotation of inferior scapula; – involved scapula is both smaller and more cephalad than normal; – in 30% of pts, the scapula … Read more