Medical Malpractice Insurance for orthopaedic surgeons

Myelopathy

– Discussion:     – characterized by weakness (upper > lower extremity);     – ataxic broad based suffling gait, sensory changes;     – rarely urinary retention;     – anatomy of compression:            – anterior cord compression  —-  protruding disc or posterior osteophytes;            – … Read more

Myelodysplasia

– Discussion:     – disorder of spinal cord development/closure or secondary rupture of developing cord secondary to hydrocephalus;     – term myelodysplasia includes:           – spina bifida occulta           – meningocele: sac without neural elements protruding through defect;           – myelomeningocele; … Read more

Myasthenic Syndrome (Eaton-Lambert Syndrome)

– Discussion:     – rare disease usually found in association with occult neoplasms of the lung or other organs;     – defect lies in the release of acetylcholine from prejunctional axon terminals;     – main danger to patients is the manifestation of the underlying neoplasm; – Clinical Findings:     – fluctuating weakness … Read more

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

erythromycin  Tetracycline – Signs and Symptoms of:        – HA        – Malaise        – Fever        – Cough (bothersome) – Rales, Rhonchi, Wheezes        – Consolidation rare; – Significant CXR features: Unilateral Broncho Pneumonia; – Isolation of M. Pneumonia from Sputum or a 4 … Read more

Muscle Menu

– Myopathic Disorders – Muscle Fiber Types – Biochemistry of Skeletal Muscle Contraction:      – Muscle Contraction:      – Depolarization      – Metabolic Sequence      – Calcium Regulation of Muscle Contraction      – Histology of Skeletal Muscle      – Chemistry of Skeletal Muscle      – Muscle Cramps      – Extra … Read more

Musculocutaneous Nerve

– Discussion:     – derives from lateral cord (C5, C6):     – musculocutaneous nerve passes through coracobrachialis; between biceps &  brachialis, & becomes lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve at elbow;     – it has only muscular branches above elbow & only sensory branches below;     – lesion of this nerve produces weakness of … Read more

Muscle Fiber Types

– See: Muscle Menu – Two Major Fiber Types: type I and type II fibers;     – in lower mammals and other animals, muscles are generally composed entirely type I or type II fibers;     – human muscle is made up of a mixture of type I and type II fibers;     – … Read more

Multifidus

– a series of pairs of muscles of small muscles extending the full length of the spine just superficial to the rotators and each spanning 2 or 3 intervertebral spaces before inserting; origin: posterior surface of the sacrum, the dorsal end of the iliac crest, the transverse processes of the lumbar and the thoracic vertebrae and the … Read more

ORIF of Calcaneal Fractures

ORIF of Calcaneal Frx Using Lateral Approach: – Preoperative Planning: – Surgical Stratedgy: – pt in true lateral position – J or L approach w/ subperiosteal dissection off lateral wall, including calcaneo-fibular ligament (sural nerve in flap); – extension from tuberosity to calcaneo-cuboid (watch peroneals) – reduction of critical angle of Gissane/ anterior process to … Read more

MRI of Disc Herniation and Lumbar Stenosis

– Discussion:     – MRI findings in normal subjects (from Boden-SD)           – note that there is a 29% prevalence of disc herniation in asymtomatic individuals;           – patients less than 60 years of age:                  – 20 per … Read more