– See: Partial ACL Deficiency: – Discussion: – left untreated, the torn ACL leads to anterior laxity, rotatory instabilities, and meniscal tears; – there is a definite increase in X-ray changes of DJD – 1/3 of pts w/ isolated ACL injuries will show minimal instability – 2/3 … Read more
– See: – Distal Phalangeal Frx: – Finger Tip Injuries: – Ingrown Toe Nail – Paronychia: – Matriectomy: – Mucous Cyst: – Nail Bed Biopsies: – Anatomy: – nail plate: … Read more
– Discussion: – characterized by weakness (upper > lower extremity); – ataxic broad based suffling gait, sensory changes; – rarely urinary retention; – anatomy of compression: – anterior cord compression —- protruding disc or posterior osteophytes; – … Read more
– See: – Heterotopic Ossification – Ossification of Soft Tissue: – Discussion: – extra-skeletal ossification that occurs in muscles & other soft tissues – can be traumatic (75%), non traumatic, or progressive; – severe blunt trauma causing an intra-muscular hematoma may result in … Read more
– Discussion: – myotonic muscular dystrophy is an autosomal dominant disease; – there is widespread involvement of organ systems, which includes weakness and wasting of the muscles, cataracts of the posterior lens, endocrine abnormalities, cardiac conduction defects, premature frontal balding in males, and, frequently, nonprogressive intellectual dysfunction; – muscle wasting … Read more
– See: – Orthopaedic Manifestations of Myelomeningocele: – Discussion: – scoliosis in myelomenigocele may have a multifactorial etiology: – idiopathic causes; – myelomeningocele structural defect; – congenital defects – paralytic … Read more
– Discussion: – disorder of spinal cord development/closure or secondary rupture of developing cord secondary to hydrocephalus; – term myelodysplasia includes: – spina bifida occulta – meningocele: sac without neural elements protruding through defect; – myelomeningocele; … Read more
– See: Myelomeningocele: – Discussion: – most common foot deformity in myelomeningocele; – teratological club-foot deformity in children w/ myelomeningocele is often more severe and more rigid than seen in congenital club foot deformity; – secondary foot deformities may also develop as a result of muscle imbalance and/or spasticity; … Read more
– Discussion: – most common neuromuscular junction defect; – results from damage to postsynaptic acetylcholine receptor sites; – more common in young women & older adults of both sexes; – diff dx: – myathenic syndrome: – ALS … Read more
– Discussion: – rare disease usually found in association with occult neoplasms of the lung or other organs; – defect lies in the release of acetylcholine from prejunctional axon terminals; – main danger to patients is the manifestation of the underlying neoplasm; – Clinical Findings: – fluctuating weakness … Read more