– See: – Brachial Plexus – Neuro Exam – Diff Dx of Cervical Pathology: – Neuro Exam: – PE of Lumbar Spine: – Upper Cord Involvement: (see: cervical radiculopathy / myelopathy) C5 C6 C7 C8 T1 Sens: Lat arm Thumb … Read more
– Neurological Exam: – be sure to examine the AIN, PIN, and median nerve at the wrist; – carpal tunnel syndrome; – evaluate the strength of the APB; – injury from contact with bone spicules; – … Read more
– See: – Physical Exam of the Knee: – Mechanism: ACL Tear: – Anteromedial Rotatory Stability: – Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Anterior Drawer Test – Anterolateral Rotatory Instability – Clunk Test – Lachman – Losee Test – … Read more
– See: Talar Tilt – Anterior Drawer Test – evaluates Anterior Talofibular ligament (look for diff. of 8 mm) – this can be performed by securing distal leg w/ one hand and applying an anterior pull on the heel with the foot held in gentle plantar flexion; – forward … Read more
– Discussion: – pt w/ anterior dislocation keep affected arm at side of body in external rotation; – shoulder will loose its usual roundness and will be full anteriorly to palpation; – axillary nerve f(x) should be documented; – rotator cuff is frequently damaged & should be … Read more
– See: HTN – Discussion: – given IV for marked elevation of BP; – causes decrease in peripheral resistance & increase in venous capacity, due to direct action on vascular smooth muscle; – this may be accomanied by Tachycardia; – in emergencies: 2.5-5mg may be given IV; – 5-10 mcg/kg/min by continuous IV
– See: Phalangeal Frx – Indications: – open transverse phalangeal fractures, replantation; – certain transverse phalangeal fractures, avulsion & intra-articular fractures; – Advantages: – allows fixation of small intra-articular frx fragments; – there is no transfixation of soft tissues, which is seen w/ multiple K wire fixation; … Read more
– Amputation of the Finger and Hand – Arthrodesis of the MP joint and Finger Joints – Boutonnere Injuries – Characteristics of Phalangeal and Metacarpal Fractures – Compression Screws – Condylar Frx – Crossed Finger Flap – Dislocations of PIP – Digit Reimplantation – Dislocations: … Read more
– See: – Aspirin – Heparin – Dipyridamole – Verapamil – Warfarin – Urokinase – Papaverine – Prevention of Thrombosis in Microvascular Surgery: – most significant factor in patency of microvascular anastomoses is flawless … Read more
– Discussion: – loss of normal medial longitudinal arch leads to pes planus, which can be flexible or rigid; – may arise as a consequence of hyper-pronation or from increased eversion of the subtalar joint; – hence, the calcaneus lies in valgus and external rotation relative to the talus; – associated midfoot sag may be … Read more