Malunion of the Tibia
– Discussion: – accetable reduction: – more than 50% of cortical overlap; – > 10 deg of angulation in any plane is unacceptable – < 5 deg of varus or valgus; – < … Read more
– Discussion: – accetable reduction: – more than 50% of cortical overlap; – > 10 deg of angulation in any plane is unacceptable – < 5 deg of varus or valgus; – < … Read more
– Discussion: – proximal tibiofibular joint will prevent valgus correction unless fibula is shortened or tibiofibular ligaments are removed; – transection if tibiofibular ligamets: (preferred technique) – performed thru same incision as for osteotomy; – proximal tibiofibular joint capsule is disrupted … Read more
– See: Bone Tumor Menu: – Osseous Sarcoma: – occur less often in bone than in soft tissue; – occurs in older patient population & may arise out of Pagets Dz or from a bone infarct (such as sickle cell); – it usually presents as an aggressive stage IIb … Read more
Discussion deer tick (Ixodes) borne spirochetal infection leading to widespread symptoms; in U.S. Lyme disease is most prevalent in areas with heavy deer population (North East); life cycle includes larval, nymph, and adult (with the nymphal stage transmitting bacteria); infection is due to Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes; contains several outer surface proteins that allow organism to … Read more
– Discussion: – spinal stensosis is a narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal and/or neural foramina; – results in compression of the cauda equina and lumbar nerve roots, producing neural root ischemia and neurogenic claudication; – compression of neural structures also compresses vascular supply of nerves so that symptoms are predominately those of … Read more
– Discussion: – their heights are less than their horizontal diameters; – pedicles are relatively short and project from the upper half of body; – laminae are thick & droop below level of pedicles but do not overlap; – spinous process is hatchet-shaped and projects horizontally, with … Read more
– Discussion: – low back pain is the second most common symptomatic reason for physician visits (followed by URTI) – diff dx: – waddel criteria: – Exam of Lumbar Spine: – exam of C-Spine: – neuro exam – general assessment: … Read more
– See: – Pivot shift – Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Anterolateral Rotatory Instability – Clunk Test – Diagram – Lachman – Losee Test – reverse pivot shift Test – Discussion: – begins w/ the knee in flexion as an external rotation & valgus force are applied; – … Read more
– longitudinal tears, which usually involve the posterior portion of the meniscus, are the most common meniscal lesions; – in many cases, gross inspection reveals only slight irregularities in inner border of the meniscus; – probing is necessary to establish the presence of a tear; – the meniscus should be probed from its … Read more
– Discussion: – involves central or peripheral depression of frx of lateral plateau w/o associated lateral wedge fracture; – it usually occurs from minimal impact on weak osteoporotic bone; – commonly affects older age groups (55-60 yrs) w/ marked osteoporosis; – stability of joint is rarely affected & excellent … Read more