Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Split Compression Frx (Type II Frx)

– Discussion: Split Compression /  Type II Fractures:     – split fragment from articular surface along w/ depressed area similar to that of local compression frx;     – lateral wedge frx is combined w/ varying deg of depression of adjacent remaining wt bearing portion of lateral tibial plateau;     – depression is usually located anteriorly or centrally; … Read more

Splenius Cervicis

origin: spinous processes of 3rd to 6th thoracic vertebrae; insertion: 1st, 2nd, 3rd and sometimes the 4th cervical vertebrae transverse processes on the posterior aspect; action: acting bilaterally, extends and hyperextends the head and neck; Acting unilaterally flexes and rotates neck to the same side; nerve supply: posterior rami of the lower cervical spinal nerves; synergists: … Read more

Splenius Capitis

origin: spinous process of C7 to T3, inferior half of ligamentum nuchae; insertion: mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line; action: acting bilaterally, extends and hyperextends the head and neck;acing unilateally, laterally flexes and rotates head and neck to         the same side; nerve supply: lateral branches of the posterior … Read more

Spironolactone/Aldoactone

– Discussion:  – for primary hyperaldosteronism, HTN, CHF, Cirrhosis;  – also used for diuretic induced hypokalemia when oral supplements or other potassium sparing agents are inappropriate;  – diruetic of choice for cirrhotic edema and ascites;  – Adult: Edema:  – 25-200 mg/day administered in single or divided doses; – if diuresis remains inadequate, add 2nd diuretic … Read more

Spiral Oblique Proximal Phalanx Frx

– Disscusion     – these frx are inherently unstable, and requires internal fixation; – Percutaneous Fixation Technique:     – reduction is achieved w/ a tenaculum fracture reduction clamp;     – 2 or 3 0.28 inch K wires are inserted across fracture, perpendicular to long axis of phalanx & engage both cortices of the … Read more

Spiral Metacarpal Fractures

      – Discussion:     – tend to rotate which is poorly tolerated;     – 5 deg of MCP rotation leads to > 1.5 cm of digital overlap; – Operative Treatment:     – screw fixation for metacarpal frx           – screw menu           – when ORIF is … Read more

Spiral Cords

– Discussion:     – arises from thickening, contracture, and coalescence of the spiral band, Grayson’s liagment, and the lateral digital sheet;     – it extends disatlly past the natatory ligament, first lying along lateral margin of the digit, but then courses toward the midline to insert into the central cord at the level of the … Read more

Spiral Blade

– Discussion:     – permits the guided insertion of a cannulated blade thru the nail and into the femoral head,at one of three angles to accommodate anatomic or fracture variations;     – angle options:            – key onto proximal nail end, adapting the nail slot to accept the spiral blade … Read more

Spiral Bands / Cords

– Discussion:     – spiral band is continuation of pretendinous cord;            – at a point just distal to the superficial transverse palmar ligament (which is just proximal to the metacarpal heads), the pretendinous cord bifurcates to form the spiral bands;     – spiral band passes deep to the … Read more