Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Proximal Femoral Shaft Fractures

– See:  – Subtrochanteric Fractures – Discussion: – failure of nail to fill IM canal of either the proximal or distal fragment, may lead to postoperative instability; – tend to migrate into a varus deformity – requires abduction and traction for reduction; – tends to have an accentuated anterior bow; – internal rotation tends to … Read more

PROTRIPTYLINE/VIVACTIL

for endogenous depression; tricyclic antidepressant;  Adult: 5-10mg PO tid/qid;  Monitor elderly patients for cardiovascular side effects; anticholinergic effects

Proximal Humeral Fracture

– See: Proximal Humeral Physeal Injuries – Discussion: – classification of proximal humeral fractures: – anatomic neck fracture: – one part fracture – two part fractures – two part surgical neck fracture – two part tuberosity fractures: – lesser tuberosity frx; – greater tuberosity frx; – three part fractures – four part fracture: – fracture … Read more

Prosthetic Grafts

Prosthetic grafts in vascular trauma: a controversy. Five-year experience with PTFE grafts in vascular wounds. Polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in the rapid reconstruction of acute contaminated peripheral vascular injuries.

Prosthetic Flexor Tendon Grafts

– See: Technique of Free Tendon Grafting – Discussion:      – prosthetic graft serves as temporary spacer around which a pseudotendon sheath forms, & provides a healthy bed in which to place tendon autograft;      – pulleys can be reconstructed at time of insertion of prosthesis             – … Read more

Protamine sulfate

– Discussion:  – Reversal of Heparin effect; binds heparin within 5min of IV infusions (give slowly as 2mg/ml solution in saline);  – Monitor PTT for effects;  – Protamine sulfate itself has anticoagulant properties, hence judge needed amount conservatively;  – Precautions:  – hypotension may result from rapid infusion; – watch for anaphylactoid like reactions;  – Dose:  … Read more

Protein Polysaccharides

– Discussion:     – protein polysaccharides account for approx 4.4% of organic components of bone and may be defined as compounds of carbohydrate and           protein in which carbohydrate is a polysaccharide attached to a protein by covalent bonds;     – principle polysaccharide (mucopolysaccharide) of bone is chondroitin-4-sulfate (chondroitin sulfate A);          – … Read more

Proprionobacter acnes

Discussion:    – see anaerobic joint infections    – slow growing, typically aerotolerant anaerobic gram positive bacterium;    – found in skin pores and the gut.    – may colonize the axilla (esp in males)    – positive cultures may be seen patients having revision shoulder arthroplasty performed for pain, stiffness, and component loosening    – … Read more

Prosthetic Feet

– See: Foot Selection for AKA Prosthesis: – Discussion:     – excessive heel softness: causes knee hyper-extension;     – excessive heel stiffness: knee tends to hyper-flex at heel strike; – Types of Prosthetic Feet:     – SACH foot:     – single axis foot:           – used since … Read more