Data Trace Editor – WBCs Normal: 0-4/HPF – WBC casts: Norm: none: per HPF – Discussion: – Leukocytes may come from anywhere in the urinary tract; – White cell casts indicate Renal parenchymal disease; – Pyelonephritis – Acute Glomerulonephritis – Intersitial inflammation of the kidney – It may be difficult to distinguish white cell casts from granular
– Discussion: – Q angle is the angle formed by a line drawn from the ASIS to central patella and a second line drawn from central patella to tibial tubercle; – an increased Q angle is a risk factor for patellar subluxation; – normally Q angle is 14 deg for … Read more
* Normally found in leads: I, AVL, V6, (V5); – Normal if < 1/2 mm wide or < 0.025 sec; – Do to Septal depolarization; – Ignore Q waves in AVR; * Pathologic Q waves: – Abnormal in V2, V3; – Greater than 0.03-0.04 sec and/or 1/4 R wave; * Transmural MI: Q waves seen … Read more
See: Physical Therapy after TKR and Work Up of Painful TKR – Discussion: – Quadriceps: – references: – Dynamic electromyography after cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty revealed a threefold quadriceps demand compared with the contralateral normal knee – Altered loading during walking and sit-to-stand is affected by quadriceps weakness after total knee … Read more
– Discussion: – note potential for bleeding: (corona mortis) – references: – Stable fracture of the pubic rami: a rare cause of life-threatening bleeding from the inferior epigastric artery managed with transcatheter embolization – Life-threatening bleeding from the pubic branch of the inferior epigastric artery after pubic ramus fracture – … Read more
– Discussion: – in the case of FDP laceration, if cut is less than 1 cm from insertion, consider tendon advancement and reinsertion; – raise osteo-periosteal flap in distal phalanx, which is just distal to volar plate; – damage to the volar plate may lead to … Read more
Afterload Cardiac Output Catheter Description Central Lines Central Venous Pressure Heart Rate Indications Interpretation Internal Jugular Veins Mixed Venous O2 Preload Respiratory Failure Subclavian Vein Approach Systemic Vascular Resistance … Read more
– Normal = 6 – 12 mm Hg; (Swan Ganz) – in absence of pulmonary HTN, > 10 cm PEEP, or mitral valve dz, it reflects left atrial Pressure (Preload), and is measured after inflation of the balloon, which allows the tip of the catheter to wedge in a capillary; – in absence of obstruction … Read more
– See: Cardiac Contussion: – primary complication is comprimised oxygenation; – due to intersitial hemorrhage with alveolar collapse and alveolar flooding – shunting, results in hypoxia that is relatively refractory to enhanced inspiratory oxygen concentration; – pulmonary contusions are usually quite localized; – Management: – PEEP and continuous positive airway pressure – over-agressive diuresis or … Read more
– Puncture of Shoulder Joint: – posterior approach gives easy access to glenohumeral joint & avoids risk of damaging brachial plexus or cephalic vein; – pt should be seated & entire shoulder, both anterior & posterior, should be prepped and draped; – palpate most lateral edge of the acromion … Read more