Section 1: Anatomy Section Editor: R. Shane Tubbs Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Lumbar Intervertebral Discs by Erfanul Saker and R. Shane Tubbs Chapter 2: The Ligaments of the Lumbar Vertebrae by Lydia Jones and R. Shane Tubbs Chapter 3: Anatomy of the Lumbar Nerves by Jaspreet Johal and R. Shane Tubbs Section 2: Basic … Read more
– See: Pagets Disease – Discussion: – Paget’s disease involves spine, esp third and fourth lumbar vertebras, in up to 1/3 of affected patients, & lower thoracic vertebras in 20%; – most patients have symptoms; – localized pain can develop because of pathologic fracture w/ vertebral collapse, spinal-canal stenosis, … Read more
– See: Pseudoachondroplasia – Cervical Spine: – stenosis of foramen magnum: – all patients with achrondroplasty will demonstrate some radiographic stenosis of foramen magnum, and many can be shown to demonstrate either some at least some clinical symptoms or … Read more
– See: – MRI in Cervical Fractures – Role of CT & MRI in Cervical Fractures – MRI of Disc Herniation – MRI diagnosis of Spinal Osteomylitis – Discussion: – most sensitive and accurate method for screening patients with symptoms of a spinal cord lesion; – … Read more
– See: Fusion to Sacrum: – Indications for Rx: – curves > 40-45 deg; – documented progression; – marked imbalance with a shift to one side; – substantial pain; – Operative Considerations: – attempt to increase lordosis compared with that noted … Read more
– Diff Dx: slipped vertebral apophysis – Discussion: – disc herniation is uncommon in children; – herniations are most common at the disc spaces between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae & between 5th lumbar and 1st sacral vertebrae; – Clinical Findings: – children experience little or no back … Read more
– See: Scoliosis Menu: – Discussion: – frequently double curves balance out & do not produce cosmetic deformity; – they do not tend to progress unless > 60 deg at skeletal maturity; – operative indications: – marked progression of curves; – disadvantages … Read more
– Age: – Back Pain in the Child: – Younger Adults: – ankylosing spondylitis (see spondyloarthropathies) – disc disease: – spondylothisthesis – metabolic bone disease – indicated by … Read more
– Discussion: – often occurs as a result of degenerative disc disease and facet deficiency; – it is often associated w/ intersegmental instability and w/ central stenosis; – more commonly involves older black females and diabetics (affects females 6 times as much as males); – involves L4-L5 … Read more
Ana V. Chee, Chundo Oh, Di Chen, Howard S. An INTRODUCTION The disc is composed of a gelatinous-like core tissue, nucleus pulposus (NP), surrounded by a tough outer tissue, annulus fibrosus (AF). The unique consistency of the NP is mainly due to its components—hydrophilic proteoglycan molecules and a loose network of collagens, mainly collagen type … Read more