Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Thoracoacromial Artery

– See: Arteries of the Upper Limb – Discussion:     – branch of axillary artery;     – pierces the clavipectoral fascia and gives rise to 4 branches;           – clavicular – small branches that run toward sternoclavicular joint, supplying this and a little bit of the anterior thoracic wall; … Read more

Thoracis

origin: the transverse process of the 6th to 10 Thoracic vertebrae; insertion: the spinous process of the 1st to 4th thoracic and 6th-7th cervical vertebrae; action: extends the spine and rotates it toward the opposite side; nerve supply: posterior rami of the thoracic nerves,   T1  to T6; synergists: Longissimus Thoracis, Iliocostalis thoracis, Spinalis Thoracis

Thiamine

– Discussion:     – adult w/ severe defficiency: 100mg IM/PO qd;     – w/ hypoglycemia:           – 100mg IV by slow direct Injection over 3-5 min;           – w/ hypoglycemia thiamine is given prior to glucose replacement to protect             … Read more

Thiothixene/Navane

– for Pyschotic disorders; Thioxanthene derivative, similar to phenothiazines; – Mild to Mod psychosis: 2mg PO tid; Severe pyschosis: 5mg PO bid; increase to maximum dosage of 60mg/24hr period prn; IM use: 16-20mg/24hr divided bid/qid; max 30mg/day; – Side Effects: Sedative: + to ++; EPS: ++; Hypotensive Effects: +; – AntiCholinergic: +

Third Generation Cephalosporin

    cefotaxime  (claforan)     moxalactam  (moxam)     cefoperazone (cefobid)     ceftizoxime (ceftizox)     ceftazidime (fortaz)     tazidine     ceftriaxone (rocephin)

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

– See: Vascular Problems of the Upper Extremity: – Discussion: – thoracic outlet space is created by the clavicle, first rib, subclavius muscle, costoclavicular ligament, and anterior scalene muscle; – most often affects subclavian artery, vein, and lower trunk (C8 & T1) of brachial plexus; – both the subclavian artery and the brachial plexus traverse … Read more

Thiopental

– Discussion:     – thiopental is an ultrashort-acting intravenous anesthetic.     – it is not recommended for use as the sole anesthetic for surgical procedures lasting longer than 15 min;     – in addition to its use as anesthetic, thiopental has been used in the treatment of seizures unresponsive to anticonvulsant therapy;     … Read more

Thioridazine/Mellaril

for psychosis, short term depression, agitation; used for diabetes insipidus; pyschotic manifestations: usual starting dose:50-100mg PO tid, then 200-800mg/24 hr PO  Treatment of depression anxiety: usual starting dose:25mg PO tid; phenothiazine; Contraindications: Severe CNS depression, hypertensive or hypotensive heart disease, or hypersensitivity to phenothiazines;  Note side effects: Extrapyradimal: +; Sedative: +++; Hypotensive Effects: ++; Anticholinergic: +++

Thoracic Scoliosis

– Discussion:     – progression:           – rt thoracic curves > 50 deg are at highest risk for progression (1 deg/yr) followed by Rt lumbar curves;           – single thoracic curves> 70-75 deg at growth completion progress an average of about 17 deg;     – … Read more

Thenar Space Infections

    – See: Infections of the Hand – Anatomy:     – extends mediolaterally from long metacarpal bone to the thenar eminence;     – extends proximodistally from transverse carpal ligament to just proximal to superfical palmar arch;     – borders of the thenar space include:             – … Read more