Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Garden I & II: Diagnosis and Treatment

– See: Garden Alignment Index – Garden I:     – incomplete or impacted fracture, in which the trabeculae of the inferior neck are still intact;     – femoral head is tilted in a posterolateral direction, causing vaglus angulation at the frx site;     – non surgical treatment:          – … Read more

Garden III & IV Hip Frx

– See: Garden Alignment Index – Garden III: ***     – complete fracture with partial displacement;     – “if it needs a reduction, then its a type III fracture;”     – frequently there is shortening and external rotation of distal frag;     – retinaculum of Weitbrecht remains attached to, & maintains … Read more

Garden’s Alignment Index

– See: – Garden I & II – Garden III & IV – Discussion: – refers to the angle of the compression trabeculae on AP view relative to the longintudinal axis of the femoral shaft and the angle of compression trabeculae on the lateral view relative to the femoral shaft; – on the AP this … Read more

Garth View (Apical Oblique)

– Discussion:     – used in the instability patient to visulaize the anterior/inferior glenoid rim for fractures or calcification following dislocation; – Technique:     – patient is seated with the arm at the side;     – cassette is placed posterior, parallel to the spine of the scapula     – beam is … Read more

Gastrocnemius

    – See:       – Achilles Tendon:       – Gastrocnemius Flap: (see reconstructive surgery for the leg): – Anatomy: (see superficial posterior compartment);     – origin:          – lateral head: lateral condyle and posterior surface of femur;          – medial head: medial condyle … Read more

Gamekeeper’s Thumb

– See:       – Pediatric Game Keeper’s Thumb       – Thumb Deformities in RA       – Rheumatoid Gamekeeper’s Thumb       – Thumb MP Joint Dislocation – Discussion:     – involves injury to ulnar collateral ligament of thumb MCP joint, causing instability at that joint;     – the orignal description refered to … Read more

Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT)

– Male 9-50 U/L; Female 8-40 U/L;  – Note: Generally parallels changes in Serum Alkaline Phosphatase and 5’nucleotidase in Liver dz;  – Increased: Liver disease (Hepatitis, Cirrhosis, Obstr. Jaundice; Pancreatitis Alcohol Meds: FLUOXETINE

Ganglionic Cysts of the Wrist

– Discussion:     – type of muscinous filled cyst whch is found adjacent to joint capsule or tendon sheath;     – it consist of an outer fibrous coat and an inner synovial lining and contains a clear, colorless, gelatinous fluid;     – ganglions usually occurs singly but may be multilocular;     … Read more