Lansoprazole / Prevacid
– Discussion: – inhibits gastric acid secretion by inhibiting gastric acid secretion; – typically used as a short term agent for ulcer healing; – dose: typical dose is 15-30 mg PO before meals given for up to 8 weeks
Data Trace Editor
Laminaplasty
– See: – Cervical Stenosis: – Central Cord Syndrome – Soft Disc Protrusion: – Cervical Spondylosis” – Discussion: – increases the space available for the cord thru posterior approach:; – results in less damage to facet joints; … Read more
Lag Screw Theory
– See: Screw Menu – Discussion: – involves placement of one or more screws across a frx or osteotomy site to achieve interfragmentary compression; – note that the direction along which the compression acts (inclination of lag screw) must coincide well w/ perpendicular axis of the fracture surface; … Read more
Lag Screw for Weber B Frx
– Discussion: – see: lag screw theory: – when the fibular fracture is sufficiently oblique, is not comminuted, and is not osteoporotic, then sufficient fixation can be achieved w/ only two lag screws; – the oblique fracture should be longer than 2x diameter of bone inorder for … Read more
LACTULOSE/CHRONULAC
– Discussion: – for hepaticencephalopathy; – laxitive; – may cause severe diarrhea; – Adult: acute hep enceph: – 30-45ml/dose q 1hr until get loose stool; – Chronic laxative: – 30-45ml PO tid/qid for 1-2days to make 2-3 soft BM; – Peds: Infants: 2.5-10 ml/24 hr divided tid/qid; Children: 40-90ml/24hr divided tid/qid; – Supplied: Syrup 10 … Read more
Lactobacillus/Lactinex Granules
– for control of diarrhea after Antibiotics treatment; – replaces normal intestinal flora; – Adult: 1 packet, 2 capsules, or 4 tabs with meals and fluids tid; – Peds: >3yrs: same as adults
Lactic Acidosis
– See: Metabolic Acidosis – Discussion: – develops during shock when there is inadequate cellular perfusion & cellular hypoxia; – caused by accumulation of lactate and hydrogen ions (protons), but extent of acidosis, as defined by pH, and the concentration of lactate required for diagnosis of lactic acidosis is controversial; … Read more
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) 45-100 U/L
– Increased – Acute MI, Cardiac Surgery, Prosthetic valve; – Hepatitis – Pernicious Anemia – Malignant Tumor – PE – Hemolysis (Anemia – factitious) – Renal infarction – Muscle Injury; – LDH IsoEnzymes (LDH 1-5); – Normally ratio LDH 1/LDH 2 = 0.6-0.7; – If the ratio becomes >1, suspect a recent MI; w/ Acute … Read more
Lachman Test
– See: – Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Anterolateral Rotatory Instability – Clunk Test – Losee Test – Pivot shift – Discussion: – this is a variant of the anterior drawer test, in which the examination is carried out … Read more
Laboratory Studies for Gout
– Hyperuricemia: – biochemical hallmark of gout is hyperuricemia, but not by itself diagnostic for gout; – also note that the uric acid level can flucuate over wide levels over short periods of time (dont assume that a normal uric acid level from 2 days ago represents a constant … Read more