– Anatomy: – origin: anterior surface of sacrum between and lateral to anterior sacral foramen, capsule of sacroiliac articulation, margin of the greater sciatic foramen, and sacrotuberous ligament; – insertion: superior border of greater trochanter of femur; – action: external rotation of hip & … Read more
– Discussion: – demonstrates lateral masses (pillars) – pillar frx is usually visible in inferior articulating facet of involved mass; – pillar frx is usually visible in the appropriate oblique projection; – however, it may not be apparent in oblique projection if fragments are neither … Read more
– Discussion: – calcium homeostasis is the summation of regulatory feedback systems involved in the control of plasma Ca concentrations; – despite the small quantity of ionized calcium (as compared to the amount of calcium in bone), calcium is maintained in blood at a closely regulated concentration; – rate … Read more
– See: Physical Properties of Calcium remodeling
– Discussion: – its essential to consider the differential dx and to examine the patient from the neck down to the finger tips; – in taking the history, be sure to inquire as to whether the patient’s main complaint is hand/wrist pain versus paresthesias; – it is also important … Read more
– Signs and Symptoms: (see C-spine Exam) – pain is earlly symptom, which may be ischemic in origin; – Myelopathy: – characterized by weakness (upper > lower extremity); – ataxic broad based suffling gait, sensory changes; – rarely urinary retention; – myelopathy hand: … Read more
– See: – Brachial Plexus – Neuro Exam – Diff Dx of Cervical Pathology: – Neuro Exam: – PE of Lumbar Spine: – Upper Cord Involvement: (see: cervical radiculopathy / myelopathy) C5 C6 C7 C8 T1 Sens: Lat arm Thumb … Read more
– Neurological Exam: – be sure to examine the AIN, PIN, and median nerve at the wrist; – carpal tunnel syndrome; – evaluate the strength of the APB; – injury from contact with bone spicules; – … Read more
– Discussion: – pt w/ anterior dislocation keep affected arm at side of body in external rotation; – shoulder will loose its usual roundness and will be full anteriorly to palpation; – axillary nerve f(x) should be documented; – rotator cuff is frequently damaged & should be … Read more
– this test attempts to reproduce symptoms of leg pain, weakness, or numbness by causing neural ischemia; – w/ patient upright, bend the patient into extension for a full minute; – this should accentuate the Spinal Stenosis; – positive test will produce a crescendo of leg symptoms followed by rapid relief of these … Read more