origin: spinous process of C7 to T3, inferior half of ligamentum nuchae; insertion: mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line; action: acting bilaterally, extends and hyperextends the head and neck;acing unilateally, laterally flexes and rotates head and neck to the same side; nerve supply: lateral branches of the posterior … Read more
– See: Pagets Disease – Discussion: – Paget’s disease involves spine, esp third and fourth lumbar vertebras, in up to 1/3 of affected patients, & lower thoracic vertebras in 20%; – most patients have symptoms; – localized pain can develop because of pathologic fracture w/ vertebral collapse, spinal-canal stenosis, … Read more
A truly global perspective on the lumbar spine with contributions from over 200 international experts. Lumbar Spine Online Textbook Section Editor Richard Nasca, MD Management of the Spine Injured Patient: Physical Exam of the Spine A Anesthesia in the Spinal Cord Injured Patient: Ankylosing Spondylitis Annular Tear Anterior Cord Syndrome Arthrodesis of the Spine: … Read more
– Discussion: – type of hyperflexion avulsion injury – fx of spinous process at base; – they are caused by sudden exertions of the muscular attachments, and can be caused by flexion injuries; – most common at C7 > C6 > T1 – considered stable; … Read more
– Discussion: – vertebral bodies are the skeletal elements most at risk of frx in this disease; – progressive loss of stature results in progressive shortening of paraspinal musculature which therefore requires more prolonged active contraction for maintenance of posture (resulting in pain of muscle fatigue); … Read more
– See: Pseudoachondroplasia – Cervical Spine: – stenosis of foramen magnum: – all patients with achrondroplasty will demonstrate some radiographic stenosis of foramen magnum, and many can be shown to demonstrate either some at least some clinical symptoms or … Read more
– See: Cervical Spine in Ankylosing Spondylitis – Clinical Findings: – loss of lumbar lordosis; – back motion is limited; – note that ability to lean forward has more to do with hip flexion than lumbar spine flexion; – w/ forward … Read more
Origin: the spinous process of the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae, the thoracic vertebrae 10, 11, 12; insertion: the spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae 3-8 and sometimes 9; action: acting unilaterally, lateral flexion of the spine; acting bilaterally, extension and hyperextension of the spine; nerve supply: posterior rami of the spinal nerves; synergists: Semispinalis Thoracis, … Read more
– See: scoliosis menu: – Non Operative Treatment: – many patients can achieve functional sitting with body jackets or molded wheelchair inserts; – custom molded seat insertes allow better positioning but do not prevent curve progression; – Surgical Treatment: – w/ spastic quadriplegia scoliosis can be especially severe, and … Read more
– Discussion: – disease of infancy and childhood, however, severity of disease is variable in its severity and progression; – transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait; – there is degeneration of the anterior horn cells of spinal cord w/ associated muscle weakness and atrophy; – its most … Read more