- Discussion:
    - secondary ossification centers of olecranon (bipartite olecranon or patella cubiti) should not be misdiagnosed as fractures;

- Radiology:
    - ossification center of olecranon appears at 10 yrs of age & is usually fused to proxomal ulna by age 16 yr;
    - rarely these epiphyseal plates will persist in adults (bilaterally)
    - patella buitis:
           - uncommon accessory ossicle located in triceps tendon at its insertion into olecranon that  may be confused with a fracture;
    - references:
           - A new look at the sequential development of elbow-ossification centers in children.

- Treatment:
    - undisplaced or minimally displaced frx: immobilized in long arm cast;
    - markedly displaced frx: require ORIF;
    - in the report by Gicquel P, et al, authors presented an original fixation technique for olecranon fractures in children;
           - frx site did not need to be opened;
           - they used a threaded pin stabilization with adjustable lock effect;
           - no significant difference was found between tension band and the threaded pin technique, whereas simple pin fixation had much poorer mechanical properties;
           - Biomechanical Analysis of Olecranon Fracture Fixation in Children

Isolated fractures of the olecranon in children.     

Fractures of the olecranon and radial neck in children.     

Surgical treatment of displaced olecranon fractures in children.     

Fractures of the olecranon in children: long term follow up.     

Biomechanical Analysis of Olecranon Fracture Fixation in Children.