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- Discussion:
    - average carpal height ratio is 53 % (range, 45-60 %)
    - carpal height ratio may be used to follow progression of degenerative disease, carpal instability, osteonecrosis, & osteoarthrosis;
    - decrease in carpal height ratio, indicates carpal collapse;

- Measurement:
    - carpal height is distance between distal articular surface of capitate to distal articular surface of radius;
    - carpal height ratio: carpal height / length of 3rd metacarpal