Data Trace Editor – Discussion: – key to stability of ankle mortise is posterior syndesmotic ligament complex, ligament or posterior tibial tubercle or malleolus; – presence of a posterior lesion always indicates degree of instability, whether or not the medial structures are disrupted; – no matter what mechanism, instability must be assumed … Read more
– See: EKG Dx of MI * Usually short: < 2mm flat; * Isoeletric w/ PR segment: (not T-P segment); * Duration: < 2 mm; See QT widening; * Axis: Anterion (J point Elevation: V1-V3); – Considered Early Repolarization; * ST ELEVATION: – ST above PR segment in Inferior, Anterior, &/or Lateral Leads; – If … Read more
– Discussion: – muscular stabilizers – static stabilizers – stabilizers include: glenoid, glenoid labrum, negative intraarticular pressure, glenohumeral capsular ligaments, rotator cuff and scapular muscles; – stabilizers include glenohumeral size, posteriorly angulated glenoid & humeral head, & functional muscle control (most important); – structure that is most responsible for preventing anterior glenohumeral … Read more
– See: – PreOperative Planning: – preoperative leg length: – acetabulum: – evaluation of cup position: – acetablar component loosening – use a wax pen to mark the tear drop and the superior aspect of the acetabulum, and overlie … Read more
– Discussion: – squamous cell carcinoma: this tumor in the hand requires aggressive treatment (usually amputation); – is the most frequent primary malignancy of the hand; – recurrence rates are high (22%), and therefore radical surgical resection is recommended; – most cases of recurrence (67%) are associated w/ metastatic … Read more
– Discussion: – uncommon congenital anamoly which arises from interruption of normal caudal migration of the scapula; – deformity is characterized by elevation & medial rotation of inferior scapula; – involved scapula is both smaller and more cephalad than normal; – in 30% of pts, the scapula … Read more
– Types of Spondylolisthesis: – Congenital – Isthmic – Degenerative – Spondylolysis of the Fourth Lumbar Vertebra – Spondylolisthesis w/ Scoliosis – Discussion: – spondylolysis involves defect passing between superior articular process & remainder of the lamina, most often involving L5; … Read more
– Discussion: – disruption of the pars interarticularis occurs less frequently at L4; – symptomatic spondylolysis at this level is reportedly more common in young adults than in children or adolescents; – in 25% of affected patients, it is associated with either partial or complete sacralization of L5; … Read more
– See: Anti-Fungal Agents – Discussion: – is a fungus that may be introduced into the extremity thru abrasions caused by splinters or thorns (rose bushes); – incubation period is 1-12 weeks; – may start as a red papular lesion and then develops into an abscess and spreads to … Read more
– See: Occult Spondylolysis – Discussion: – spondylolysis is rarely symptomatic in adolescents; – in children, be especially concerned if symptoms that do not respond to rest or immobilization or if there are neurological findings. – diff dx: – disc-space infection … Read more