Medical Malpractice Insurance for orthopaedic surgeons

Genu Valgum

– Discussion:     – bilateral angular deformity: common and is most often physiologic;          – normal knee alignment progresses from 10-15 deg of varus at birth to maximal valgus angulation of 10-15 deg at age of 3-3.5 yrs;          – neutral alignment:               … Read more

General Orders

* EKG stat; * Control of CP:  – NTG: 0.3mg SL q5′ x 2 / NTG: 0.6mg SL x 1  – Morphine 2-4mg alliquots; repeat in 5 min prn;  – Will Decrease Pain & CO / Naloxone prn Resp Depress;  – Atropine 0.4 mg IV prn Bradycardia; but avoid if possible;  – Dramamine prn N/V;  … Read more

Gastrocnemius Flap

    – Discussion:     – medial and lateral muscle bellies each carry long flaps of skin and fascia from the posterior calf and are most often            used as myocutaneous flaps; these flaps are most useful for upper tibial defect reconstruction; – Contra-indications:     – knee dislocation or … Read more

Gaucher’s Disease

Discussion      – in 1882, Gaucher described idiopathic hypertrophy of spleen w/o leukemia; – results from autosomal recessive deficiency of lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (b-glucosidase), which ordinarily destoys the lipid material; – it is the most common genetic lysosomal storage disorder; – results in accumulation of of glucocerebroside in retinuloendothelia cells; – bone involvement is … Read more

Gemellus Superior and Inferior

– See: external rotators of the hip: Origin: the outer surface of the spine of the ischium Insertion: the posterior medial surface of the greater trochanter on the femur; Action: external rotation of the femur at the hip; Nerve Supply: sacral plexus, L5, S1, S2; (see innervation) Synergists: piriformis, obturator externus, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, … Read more

Gemfibrozil/Lopid

– for hypertriglyceridemia with serum triglyceride levels >750 mg/dl, types IV and V hyperlipoproteinemia, at risk for pancreatitis and not responding to dietary measures;  – Adult: – 600 mg/day PO bid qAC and qHC;  – monitor LFT’s (AST, ALT, LDH, Alk Phos) and watch for cholelithiasis;  – may enhance effect of WARFARIN

General Discussion of Synovial Fluid

– See: friction and lubrication – Discussion:     – synovial fluid is an ultrafiltrate of blood plasma plus hyaluronic acid and glycoproteins;     – synovial fluid resembles material in interstices of loose connective tissue in respect to both components;     – rate and method of passage of substances into & out of … Read more

General Features and Pathology of Hematogenous Osteomyelitis

– Discussion:     – bone provides and environment that significantly alters interaction between bacterial and host defenses in favor of the invader;     – bone contains numerous microscopic channels, the walls of which are impermeable to such host defenses as the large molecules of  immunoglobulins;     – bacteria, once gaining a foothold in these … Read more

Garth View (Apical Oblique)

– Discussion:     – used in the instability patient to visulaize the anterior/inferior glenoid rim for fractures or calcification following dislocation; – Technique:     – patient is seated with the arm at the side;     – cassette is placed posterior, parallel to the spine of the scapula     – beam is … Read more