Data Trace Editor – See: collagen – Discussion: – accounts for over 50 percent of the dry wt of cartilage; – type II collagen is also found in small amounts in vitreous gel and in a number of other tissues during early development; – type II collagen mutations: – mutations in type II collagen as a cause of … Read more
– Discussion: – most common form; – distal end is located in the decussation of the FDS – small chip of bone is taken off w/ flexor tendon; – tendon retracts to level of PIP joint or distal to PIP, & long vincululm may remain intact; – a small … Read more
– Discussion: – fissure or margin sector fracture w/ displacement less than 2 mm; – type I fractures may be difficult to identify; – fat pads are intracapsular but extrasynovial; – anterior fat pad is normally visible anterioir to coronoid fossa; – posterior fat pad … Read more
– Discussion: – tendon retracted to the palm, held up by the lumbrical origin – tendon retracts into palm, severing all blood supply and creating extensive scarring in tendon sheath; – vincula are ruptured; – patients are tender in palm, but able to fully flex PIP joint; – location of … Read more
– Discussion: – undisplaced or minally displaced frx; – lateral view: anterior humeral line remains intact but a posterior fat pad sign may be present; – frx may be seen on oblique x-ray; – treatment: – treated w/ immobilization in long arm … Read more
– Discussion: – due to loss of estrogen & affects postmenopausal women; – 2-3% accelerated (loss for 6-10 yrs which then returns to basal loss of 0.3-0.5 %/year; – primarily loss of trabecular bone: – associated w/ greater decline in medullary bone & preservation … Read more
– Discussion: – articular fracture without significant displacement; – malleolar fractures with large plafond fragments; – these fragments are usually posterior; – posteroinferior tibiofibular ligament & deep transverse ligament are attached to the fragment; – first reduce & fix fibula; … Read more
– Discussion: – encountered in infants and young children; – this frx is difficult to diagnose since humeral epiphysis since it is mostly cartilage; – Treatment: – if arm is shortened and abducted then restore length & alignment by applying longitudinal traction w/ arm in 90 deg of abduction, … Read more
– Discussion: – both column frxs separate the roof from the iliac wing or sacroiliac joint (no articular segment remains attached to a segment of the iliac wing or SI joint); – Radiology; – The Spur Sign – Both Column Frx – Operative Rx: – indicated … Read more
– Discussion: – most common; – occur thru base of odontoid process & may be caused by either hyper-flexion or hyperextension forces; – blood supply is often comprimised in a type 2 frx – type II frx occurs at base of dens, typically, frx plane is transverse; … Read more