- See:
-
Anastomoses of Lower Limb Arteries
-
Femoral Arteriogram:
- Anatomy:
- common iliac bifurcates at the
L5-
S1 disc;
- external iliac artery passes obliquely down medial border of
psoas & anterior
and lateral to external iliac vein;
- external iliac artery becomes the common femoral artery as it passes below the inguinal ligament;
- common femoral artery is approximately 4 cm in length and divides into superficial femoral &
profunda femoris arteries;
- in upper thigh, this artery lies between femoral vein & nerve in femoral triangle, space roofed by
fascia lata
and bounded by inguinal ligament above, satorius muscle laterally, &
adductor longus medially;
- largest branch of the femoral artery in femoral triangle is profunda femoris, which arises on lateral
side of the femoral artery, arches posteriorly, and continues downward near the middle of the thigh;
-
descending genicular artery arises from femoral artery;
- at the distal apex of the femoral triangle, above the knee, it passes thru opening in
adductor magnus
to enter popliteal space as
popliteal artery;
- after providing
genicular arteries at level of knee joint, it passes deep to
soleus, where it transverses
thru another fibrous tunnel; (hence, artery remains vulnerable during dislocation of knee
because of tethering);
-
popliteal artery
then sends paired sural arteries to
gastrocnemius &
soleus & ends
by dividing into anterior
&
posterior tibial arteries;
- Femoral Artery Thromboembolectomy:
- longitudinal groin incision;
- common, superficial, and deep femoral arteries dissected free and controlled with elastic tapes;
- transverse arteriotomy just above the femoral bifurcation;
- extraction of thromboembolus from SFA with a 4 French Fogarty balloon
-
deep femoral artery clot removal follows with a 3 or 4 French Fogarty
- back bleeding from the SFA controlled by traction on elastic tape or by a traumatic vascular clamp;
Femoral artery thrombosis after open reduction of an acetabular fracture.
Acute trauma of the femoral artery and vein.
Superiority of the femoral artery of monitoring. A prospective study.
Prospective evaluation of radial and femoral artery catheterization sites in critically ill adults.
Cannulation of big arteries in critically ill patients.
The use of internal jugular vein as interposition graft for femoral vein reconstruction following traumatic venous injury: a useful approach in selected cases.
Neurologic and vascular structures at risk during anterior-posterior locking of retrograde femoral nails.
J. Riina et al.
J. Orthop Trauma. Vol 12. No 6. 1998. p 379-381.
