- See:
Innerv. Musc. Lower Limb
- Plantar muscles of the foot are divided into 4 layers;
- 1st Layer: 
- first two layers originate from calcaneal tuberosity and the other two from the metatarsal shafts;
- first subfascial layer consists (from lateral to medial) of the
ADM,
FDB, &
abductor hallucis;
-
plantar fascia is comparable to palmar aponeurosis.
- immediately deep to plantar aponeurosis, arising from calcaneus, & sending a tendon to each of lateral 4 toes is
FDB, equivalent of
FDS of upper limb.
- 2nd Layer: 
- muscles of 2nd subfascial layer are (from medial to lateral) tendon of
FHL, tendon of
FDL,
quadratus, &
lumbricals
- first two layers originate from the calcaneal tuberosity and the other two from the metatarsal shafts;
- deep to FDL,
quadratus, unique to foot, arises from the calcaneus & inserts on the lateral side of tendon of
FDL
passing obliquely across foot in the same plane.
- 3rd Layer: 
- in 3rd subfascial layer are
FDM,
adductor hallucis, &
FHB;
- flexor hallucis brevis splits into medial & lateral tendons, which are inserted into corresponding sides of proximal phalanx of great toe;
- 4th Layer:
- muscles of fourth layer are unipennate plantar & bipennate dorsal interossei, as well as
peroneus longus &
tibialis posterior;
-
lumbricals
Surgical Anatomy of the foot. RK Acton. JBJS. Vol 49-A. 1967. p 555-567.
Tendon laceration in the foot. Floyd et al. Foot Ankle. Vol 4. 1983. p 8-14.
