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- Discussion:
    - perform arteriography for any projectile that passes thru anteromedial quadrant of the thigh;
    - because of the size of common femoral artery, the femoral arteriogram is the easiest to obtain;
    - when placing the Cournand needle in common femoral artery in groin, placement into a tributary must be avoided;
    - when properly placed, there will be a return of blood flow with full arterial pressure;
    - to evaluate injury to superficial or deep femoral artery, only small amount of dye (25 to 30 ml) needs to be rapidly hand injected, and the 
         radiograph is obtained on completion;
    - when vessels in question are the popliteal or shank arteries, the volume of dye is increased (50 ml) and the film is delayed 3 to 5 seconds 
         after completion of injection;
    - thin walled, 18 gauge, 5.23 cm Cournand disposable needle is inserted either proximal (as in the common femoral artery for superficial
         femoral artery studies) or distal (as in retrograde axillosubclavian artery studies) to the area of suspected injury;
    - depending on artery being evaluated, single rapid hand injection of 25 to 50 ml of 30 % meglumine diatrizoate dye is carried out and a 
         single radiograph obtained

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  Vascular proximity: is it a valid indication for arteriography in asymptomatic patients