- See:
AV malformations:
- Discussion:
- venous malformations, although present at birth, often are not noticed
until 1 year of age. They engorge when dependent, decompress when
elevated, and enlarge with trauma, puberty, pregnancy, or use of
oral contraceptives;
- frequently confused with hemangiomas
- present at birth
- slow steady growth
- do not involute
- discrete and diffuse subtypes
- Diff Dx:
-
AV Malformations:
-
Hemangioma:
- Vascular testing
- X-ray:
calcification, adjacent bone changes
- MRI: can distinguish between high flow (AVM) and low flow lesions (venous malformations);
- Closed system venography
- Radionuclide scanning;
- Treatment:
- low-flow venous and lymphatic malformations can be treated either
conservatively by compression garments or surgically by staged
debulking, avoiding the need to return later to a previously
scarred area;
- surgery is complicated by bleeding or lymphatic leaks, hematoma or
seroma, formation, skin necrosis, scarring, ulceration, contractures,
and distention of channels in the same or adjacent areas;
Distinguishing Soft-Tissue Hemangiomas From Vascular Malformations Using
Technetium-Labeled Red Blood Cell Scintigraphy.
Hemangiomas, vascular malformations, and lymphovenous malformations:
classification and methods of treatment.
