Transcutaneous reduction and external fixation of displaced fractures of

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the proximal humerus. A controlled clinical trial. Kristiansen-B; Kofoed-H Department of Orthopaedic Surgery U, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. J-Bone-Joint-Surg-Br. 1988 Nov; 70(5): 821-4 A consecutive series of 31 displaced fractures of the proximal humerus were randomly selected for treatment either by closed manipulation or by transcutaneous reduction and external fixation. Follow-up assessed the quality of reduction and healing as well as the functional outcome. The external fixation method gave better reduction, safer healing and superior function.