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1) Brachial Plexus Injury and Repair--Symposium: Brachial Plexus Injuries
Nerve Grafting. Millesi-H. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 1988 Dec. 237. pp 36-42. Brachial plexus lesions with complete or partial palsy of the dependent musculature are a severe handicap for the patient. By microsurgery of lesions in continuity and nerve grafting in cases with compl...

2) Brachial Plexus
  - Work Up for Brachial Plexus Injuries    - Brachial Neuritis:   - Erb's Palsy   - Leffert Classification  of Brachial Plexus Injuries;   - Lower Root Injury: (Klumpke)   - Obstetrical Paralysis:   - Parsonage-Turner Syndrome:   - ...

3) Brachial Plexus
  - Work Up for Brachial Plexus Injuries    - Brachial Neuritis:   - Erb's Palsy   - Leffert Classification  of Brachial Plexus Injuries;   - Lower Root Injury: (Klumpke)   - Obstetrical Paralysis:   - Parsonage-Turner Syndrome:   - ...

4) Brachial-plexus palsy in the newborn
Jackson-ST; Hoffer-MM; Parrish-N Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, J-Bone-Joint-Surg-Am. 1988 Sep; 70(8): 1217-20 Twenty-one patients who had twenty-three brachial-plexus palsies resulting from trauma at birth were studied over a three and one-half year period, between Jul...

5) Brachial Plexus Injury and Repair
Plexus Paralysis. Stevens-J-H. Extracted from Stevens, J. H.: Brachial plexus paralysis. In Codman, E. A. (ed.): The Shoulder. Boston (privately published) 1934, pp. 344-350. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 1988 Dec. 237. pp 4-8. ...

6) Posterior Cord of Brachial Plexus:
- Anatomy:     - three posterior divsions of brachial plexus form posterior cord: (C5 , C6 , C7, C8, T1)         - upper subscapular nerve to subscapularis         - thoracodorsal to latissimus dorsi         - lower s...

7) Mechanisms of brachial plexus lesions
Coene LN. Clinical Neurology & Neurosurgery. [JC:df4] 95 Suppl:S24-9, 1993. The main causes of brachial plexus palsies are traction, due to extreme movements, and heavy impact. In downward traction of the arm and forcible widening of the shoulder-neck angle the lesion will occur in the upper r...

8) Work Up for Brachial Plexus Injuries
- See: brachial plexus - Discussion: - hx: persistant pain > 6 months: (poor prognosis); - diff dx: - breast cancer (lower plexus and painful) - radiation therapy (upper plexus and painless) - parsonage-turner syndrome : (may first affect supras...

9) Neuro Exam: Brachial Plexus
- See: - Brachial Plexus - Exam of the Cervical Spine: - Preganglionic Injury - Work Up for Brachial Plexus Injuries: Muscles Root Level Origin - Trapezius C3 C4 ...

10) Shoulder in Brachial Plexus Palsy
- See: - Obstetrical Paralysis - Erb's Palsy - Discussion: - following Erb's palsy, shoulder may end up with medial rotation-adduction contracture w/ or w/o shoulder subluxation; - due to overpull of the subscapularis, pectoralis major and minor, latissimus...

11) Preganglionic Brachial Plexus Injury
- Discussion:     - preganglionic lesions represent root avulsions from the spinal cord;     - 2 catagories:          - central avulsions: nervs are avulsed directly from the spinal cord;          - intradural ruptures: ...

12) Brachial Plexus - Clickable Image Map
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13) Medial Cord of Brachial Plexus
- Anatomy: - arises from anterior division of lower trunk: C8 & T1; - medial cord branches into ulnar nerve & the medial root of the median nerve; - medial pectoral - medial branchial cutaneous - medial antebrachial cutaneous - division of medial cord causes ...

14) The results of supraclavicular brachial plexus neurolysis (without first
rib resection) in management of post-traumatic "thoracic outlet syndrome". Dellon AL. Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery. [JC:jvx] 9(1):11-7, 1993 Jan. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a supraclavicular brachial plexus neurolysis, without a first rib resection, in relieving t...

15) Brachial plexus lesions associated with dislocated shoulders
Travlos J. Goldberg I. Boome RS. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery - British Volume. 72(1):68-71, 1990 Jan. We reviewed 28 patients with brachial plexus lesions caused by shoulder dislocation. Contrary to most other reports, we found that the neurological lesions involved the infraclavicular and...

16) Traumatic Brachial Plexus Palsy in Children
- See: - Obstetrical Paralysis - Shoulder in brachial plexus injuries: - Discussion: - nonbirth-related Brachial Plexus injuries in children are rare; - as result, very little has been written about this topic; - over 50% have assoc head injuries consistent with high-...

17) Imaging of posttraumatic brachial plexus injury
Roger-B; Travers-V; Laval-Jeantet-M Service de Radiologie, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France. Clin-Orthop. 1988 Dec(237): 57-61 After reviewing a series of 220 patients operated upon between 1975 and 1985 for traumatic brachial plexus injuries, the authors present the results of 103 myelographies...

18) Leffert Classification of Brachial Plexus Injuries
- Description - I Open (usually from stabbing) - II Closed (usually from motorcycle accident) - IIa Supraclavicular - preganglionic: - avulsion of nerve roots, usually from high speed injuries with other injuries and LOC; - no...

19) Neurotization in brachial plexus injuries. Indication and results
Narakas-AO; Hentz-VR School of Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland. Clin-Orthop. 1988 Dec(237): 43-56 In neurotization or nerve transfer, a healthy but less valuable nerve or its proximal stump is transferred in order to reinnervate a more important sensory or motor territory that has lo...

20) Repair of severe traction lesions of the brachial plexus
Sedel-L Orthopaedic Surgery, Hopital Saint-Louis, France. Clin-Orthop. 1988 Dec(237): 62-6 Since 1972, the author has performed 259 brachial plexus repairs and various associated secondary procedures. The best results were obtained with surgery delayed four to five weeks, because the preoperative ...