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Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
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Radiographs of the Lumbar Spine



- Discussion:
    - correlation w/ back pain:
          - traction spurs &/or severe disc space narrowing do correlate w/ pain;
          - spondylosis, Spondylolisthesis, & adult Scoliosis may or may not
                  be associated with back pain;
          - there is little correlation between back pain and:
                  - lumbar lordosis
                  - transitional vertebra
                  - disc space narrowing
                  - disc vaccum sign, and claw spurs;

- Radiographs:
    - Oblique views are useful for defining Spondylolisthesis &
          Spondylolysis, but are not useful in the facet syndrome and
          hypertrophic arthritis of the lumbar spine;
    - Ferguson view (20 deg caudocephalic anteroposterior x-ray) is of value
          in the diagnosis of the "far out syndrome"
          - 5th root compression produced by a large transverse process of
              5th Lumbar vertebrae against the ala of the Sacrum;
    - angled caudal views localized to areas of concern may show evidense of
          facet or laminar pathology;




Original Text by Clifford R. Wheeless, III, MD.