- See:
-
Methods to Etimate Growth Potenital:
- Appearance of Ossification Centers:
- skeleton incompletely ossified at birth, & portions such as carpals, patella, navicular, cuneiforms, will radiographically appear entirely cartilaginous;
- ossification centers will enlarge in all directions, until it becomes bounded on metaphyseal side by the
epiphyseal plate and on
all other sides by articular cartilage;
- at this point, the nuceus grows only on the sides adjacent to cartilage;
-
secondary ossification centers arise between birth and the 20th year;
- fusions of these secondary centers w/ main bones usually occur in late adolescence;
- ossification centers make their appearance in a specific order:
- distal femoral epiphysis &
proximal tibial epiphysis is present at birth;
- proximal femoral epiphysis appears between 2 - 8 months following birth;
- ossification center of the greater trochanter appears at 2 yrs and fuses to metaphysis at 16 years;
- radial head epiphysis is not present until after 3 years of age;
- ossification centers in calcaneus and talus appear in the sixth to eighth fetal month (or earlier);
- cuboid appears at the time of or soon after birth;
- Chronologic Age by Risser's Sign:
- Girls
Boys
- Risser
Age
Risser
Age
1
13.8
1
15.2
2
14.3
2
15.2
3
14.7
3
16.3
4
16.0
4
16.3
5
16.1
5
18.0
- Approximate Contributions to Growth: (until age 13 for females and age 15 for males)
- proximal femur
= 1/8
in./year
-
distal femur
= 3/8
in./year
-
proximal tibia
= 1/4
in./year
- distal tibia
= 3/16 in./year
- total adult ht
= ht. at age 2 x 2
- growth ceases: 15 - 15 1/2 yrs for girls, 17 - 17 1/2 yrs for boys
- hand of a 10 year old male;
Accuracy of the Sauvegrain Method in Determining Skeletal Age During Puberty.
