Hyperkalemia
- Determination of the serum K is especially useful in the evaluation
of hyperchloremic
metabolic acidosis.
Infusions of mineral
acids result in elevated serum K levels because of the shift in K+ out
of cells in exchange for H+ entry.
Thus, hyperalimentation,
NH4 Cl, CaCl2 ingestion, and Cholestyramine administration,
all cause a
hyperkalemic Non Anion Gap Acidosis.
In addition,
hypoadosteronism results in a defect in K+ excretion, leading to
Hyperkalemia.
- Hyperchloremic acidosis associated w/
hypokalemia:
- Gastrointestinal HCO3 losing entities, including Diarrhea,
pancreatic drainage, biliary drainage, uterosigmoidostomy, or
obstructed ileal loop, distal RTA (I), and proximal
RTA (II).
