* Etiology: Rheumatic fever, Papillary muscle dysfunction, ruptured chordae tendenae, myxomatous degen. of MV &
Endocarditis * SG cath shows V waves: - represent regurgitant flow into left atrium; * Physical Exam: - Pansystolic murmur loudest at the apex, - MV click, S3 (more likely w/ severe MR), S4 - Jugular A and/or V waves * Sequelae and Symptoms: - Palpatations - CHF, dyspnea, resp. distress (more severe w/ Acute MR); - w/ severe regurgitation may get pulmonary hypertension - Endocarditis (consider prophylaxis) - A. fib; *
Afterload Therapy may benefit CO in M.R.
