Medial calcaneal osteotomy for relapsed equinovarus deformity. Long-term

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study of the results of Frederick Dwyer. Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, England. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery - British Volume. 75(6):967-71, 1993 Nov. In the 1950s Frederick Dwyer evolved the concept of treating resistant and relapsed clubfoot by osteotomy of the calcaneum. He published the results of his medial opening wedge procedure in 1963 with a mean follow-up of five years. We present the structured, radiographic and functional results at a mean elapsed time of 27 years of 36 feet (26 patients) all operated on by Dwyer. Their mean Laaveg and Ponseti (1980) grading was 83.7%. In 94% the heel was in neutral or valgus and 86% of the feet were plantigrade. A good range of movement was present in the ankle and subtalar joints in 83%.