Fractures of the proximal part of the femur

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Kyle RF. Cabanela ME. Russell TA. Swiontkowski MF. Winquist RA. Zuckerman JD. Schmidt AH. Koval KJ. Instructional Course Lectures. 44:227-53, 1995. The orthopaedic surgeon has a multitude of internal fixation devices and techniques available for use in the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures of the proximal femur. The successful use of second-generation locking nails is technically demanding. Close attention to positioning of the patient, reduction of the fracture, placement of the guide-wire, and insertion of the nail and of the proximal and distal locking screws is mandatory. The newer, high-strength hip-screws allow good fixation of a fracture that extends into the piriformis fossa. If medial comminution is present, this technique is best performed in conjunction with indirect reduction and bone-grafting. With proper technique, these devices allow the surgeon to manage predictably a complex subtrochanteric fracture that previously had to be treated with traction or extensive dissection and with (frequently inadequate) internal fixation. [References: 112]