- Discussion:
-
flexible flatfoot: may be divided into congenital and acquired forms:
- congenital flat foot:
- idiopathic
-
valgus hindfoot deformity in CP
-
hyper-pronation;
-
accessory navicular:
-
Marfan's syndrome;
- fragile X syndrome:
- this diagnosis should be considered in any male child w/ flat feet and mental retardation;
-
calcaneovalgus deformity:
- common in infants and often resolves without treatment;
- infants allow dorsiflexion to the tibia and allows full plantar flexion and inversion;
- acquired flat foot:
-
rheumatoid arthritis
- plantar fascia rupture;
-
tibialis posterior rupture
- in this case, flat foot may result from the peroneus brevis muscle, which is a natural antagonist to the tibialis posterior;
-
rigid or spastic flatfoot:
-
accessory navicular
-
congenital vertical talus
-
tarsal coaliltion
-
calcaneovalgus foot
-
equino-valgus
- osteochondral fracture
-
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
- reactive peroneal spasm from frx or chronic joint dz;
