presents
Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
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Cardiac





- Discussion:
- cardiovascular manifestations cause 90% of the deaths;
- major abnormality is dilatation of the ascending aorta, which usually
      begins in the intrapericardial portion and extends into or beyond
      aortic arch;
      - dilatation at level of valve may result in aortic regurgitation;
      - dilatation is progressive & precedes aortic dissection & rupture;
- mitral regurgitation secondary to mitral valve prolapse may also occur,
      and cardiac arrhythmias have been implicated as a cause of death;



Original Text by Clifford R. Wheeless, III, MD.