- See:
-
Osteomyelitis in NewBorn
-
Septic Hip
- Bacteriology:
- in hospital-acquired cases,
staphylococci are the predominant isolates (about 60%),
followed by Group B streptococcus,
candida &
gram-negative bacilli;
- these infections often stem from invasive procedures such as catheterization of the
umbilical vessels, central lines, and intra-osseous lines;
- in community-acquired septic arthritis, Group B. streptococci are the most frequent
(52 %), followed by
staphylococci (26 %) & gonococci (17%);
- this usually means
oxacillin 200 mg/kg/day and gentamycin 7.5 mg/kg/day;
- in infants and children 1 month to 3 years old, the predominant organism causing hematogenous septic arthritis
was historically was
haemophilus influenzae, followed by
staphylococci and streptococci;
- predominance of H. influenza has significantly declined since a vaccine has been developed;
- in the study by H. Peltola et al. 1998, the incidence of haemophilus influenza septic arhtritis was 0% after
10 years of routine vaccination;
- Reduced incidence of septic arthritis in children by H. influenza type B vaccination.
H. Peltola et al.
JBJS. Vol 80-B. No 3. May 1988. p 471.
- Treatment Agents:
-
oxacillin)
-
cephalosporin type III (
rocephin)
Septic arthritis in young infants: clinical and microbiologic correlations and
therapeutic implications.
M. Dan.
Rev. Infectious Diseases.
Vol 6. 1984. p 147-155.
Long-term follow-up of infantile hip sepsis.
Wopperer JM, White JJ, Gillespie R, et al: J Pediatr Orthop 1988;8:322-325.
Sequelae and reconstruction after septic arthritis of the hip in infants.
Choi IH, Pizzutillo PD, Bowen JR, et al:
J Bone Joint Surg 1990;72A:1150-1165.
Etiology and medical management of acute suppurative bone and joint infections in pediatric patients.
Jackson MA, Nelson JD:
J Pediatr Orthop 1982;2:313.
Antibiotic concentrations in septic joint effusions.
Nelson JD:
N Engl J Med 1971;284:349.
